lunes, mayo 29, 2017

Intervalo de Tiempo

Introducción
Casi siempre tenemos problemas cuando queremos trabajar ya sea con fechas u horas, creo yo que más de uno, nos hemos roto la cabeza tratando de solucionar este tipo de inconveniente, por ello he tratado de desarrollar este pequeño pero ilustrativo artículo donde muestro como podemos trabajar con estos tipos de datos en Visual Basic .Net.
Primero vamos recordar que dentro de SYSTEM (Espacio de Nombres) podemos localizar una serie de miembros que pueden ser Clases, Interfaces, Estructuras, Delegados y Enumeraciones que nos permiten realizar una serie de tareas, pero de quien nos vamos a centrar en este artículo es TIMESPAN (Estructura).
TimeSpan (Estructura)
Nos permite representar un intervalo de tiempo tomando como base una Fecha/Hora Inicial y una Fecha/Hora Final, devuelve la cantidad de Días, Horas, Minutos, Segundos, etc., transcurridos entre este intervalo de tiempo.
Hay que recordar la siguiente jerarquía.
System  
 System.Object 
  System.ValueType 
   System.TimeSpan
Estos son los requisitos para poder utilizarlo:
Espacio de Nombres: System
Plataformas: Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 2000, Windows XP Home Edition, Windows XP Professional Edition, Familia de Windows Server 2003, .NET Compact Framework - Windows CE .NET
Ensamblado: Mscorlib (en Mscorlib.dll)
....Bueno ahora vamos ha realizar lo que más nos agrada, que es un ejemplo de como hallar el intervalo de tiempo transcurrido entre dos fechas/horas:
Primero; realizamos lo que conocemos como Tiempo de Diseño:
 Interfaz: Debemos de crear un formulario con los siguientes controles.

 ....Ahora vamos a ver como debe de quedar el Explorador de Soluciones:

Segundo; ahora vamos a tratar de describir lo que llamamos el Tiempo de Ejecución:
Public Class FrmInterDateTime
    Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
    Public flagestado As Boolean = False

#Region " Código generado por el Diseñador de Windows Forms "

    Public Sub New()
        MyBase.New()

        'El Diseñador de Windows Forms requiere esta llamada.
        InitializeComponent()

        'Agregar cualquier inicialización después de la llamada a InitializeComponent()

    End Sub

    'Form reemplaza a Dispose para limpiar la lista de componentes.
    Protected Overloads Overrides Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
        If disposing Then
            If Not (components Is Nothing) Then
                components.Dispose()
            End If
        End If
        MyBase.Dispose(disposing)
    End Sub

    'Requerido por el Diseñador de Windows Forms
    Private components As System.ComponentModel.IContainer

    'NOTA: el Diseñador de Windows Forms requiere el siguiente procedimiento
    'Puede modificarse utilizando el Diseñador de Windows Forms. 
    'No lo modifique con el editor de código.
    Friend WithEvents Label1 As System.Windows.Forms.Label
    Friend WithEvents Label2 As System.Windows.Forms.Label
    Friend WithEvents Label3 As System.Windows.Forms.Label
    Friend WithEvents Label4 As System.Windows.Forms.Label
    Friend WithEvents Label5 As System.Windows.Forms.Label
    Friend WithEvents Label6 As System.Windows.Forms.Label
    Friend WithEvents Label7 As System.Windows.Forms.Label
    Friend WithEvents TxtDTInicio As System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
    Friend WithEvents TxtDtFinal As System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
    Friend WithEvents TxtDia As System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
    Friend WithEvents TxtHra As System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
    Friend WithEvents TxtMin As System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
    Friend WithEvents TxtSeg As System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
    Friend WithEvents TimerTitulo As System.Windows.Forms.Timer
    Friend WithEvents TimerOpacity As System.Windows.Forms.Timer
    Friend WithEvents TimerOpacity2 As System.Windows.Forms.Timer
    Friend WithEvents CmdIntervalo As System.Windows.Forms.Button
     Private Sub InitializeComponent()
        Me.components = New System.ComponentModel.Container
        Dim resources As System.Resources.ResourceManager = New System.Resources.ResourceManager(GetType(FrmInterDateTime))
        Me.Label1 = New System.Windows.Forms.Label
        Me.Label2 = New System.Windows.Forms.Label
        Me.Label3 = New System.Windows.Forms.Label
        Me.Label4 = New System.Windows.Forms.Label
        Me.Label5 = New System.Windows.Forms.Label
        Me.Label6 = New System.Windows.Forms.Label
        Me.Label7 = New System.Windows.Forms.Label
        Me.TxtDTInicio = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
        Me.TxtDtFinal = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
        Me.CmdIntervalo = New System.Windows.Forms.Button
        Me.TxtDia = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
        Me.TxtHra = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
        Me.TxtMin = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
        Me.TxtSeg = New System.Windows.Forms.TextBox
        Me.TimerTitulo = New System.Windows.Forms.Timer(Me.components)
        Me.TimerOpacity = New System.Windows.Forms.Timer(Me.components)
        Me.TimerOpacity2 = New System.Windows.Forms.Timer(Me.components)
        Me.SuspendLayout()
        '
        'Label1
        '
        Me.Label1.AutoSize = True
        Me.Label1.Font = New System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 16.0!, CType((System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold Or System.Drawing.FontStyle.Underline), System.Drawing.FontStyle), System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, CType(0, Byte))
        Me.Label1.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.RoyalBlue
        Me.Label1.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(63, 8)
        Me.Label1.Name = "Label1"
        Me.Label1.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(210, 28)
        Me.Label1.TabIndex = 8
        Me.Label1.Text = "Intervalo de Tiempo"
        '
        'Label2
        '
        Me.Label2.AutoSize = True
        Me.Label2.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Crimson
        Me.Label2.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(16, 48)
        Me.Label2.Name = "Label2"
        Me.Label2.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(96, 16)
        Me.Label2.TabIndex = 1
        Me.Label2.Text = "Fecha/Hora Inicial"
        '
        'Label3
        '
        Me.Label3.AutoSize = True
        Me.Label3.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Crimson
        Me.Label3.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(176, 48)
        Me.Label3.Name = "Label3"
        Me.Label3.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(91, 16)
        Me.Label3.TabIndex = 2
        Me.Label3.Text = "Fecha/Hora Final"
        '
        'Label4
        '
        Me.Label4.AutoSize = True
        Me.Label4.Font = New System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 8.25!, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, CType(0, Byte))
        Me.Label4.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Teal
        Me.Label4.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(61, 96)
        Me.Label4.Name = "Label4"
        Me.Label4.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(31, 16)
        Me.Label4.TabIndex = 3
        Me.Label4.Text = "Días:"
        '
        'Label5
        '
        Me.Label5.AutoSize = True
        Me.Label5.Font = New System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 8.25!, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, CType(0, Byte))
        Me.Label5.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Teal
        Me.Label5.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(53, 120)
        Me.Label5.Name = "Label5"
        Me.Label5.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(39, 16)
        Me.Label5.TabIndex = 4
        Me.Label5.Text = "Horas:"
        '
        'Label6
        '
        Me.Label6.AutoSize = True
        Me.Label6.Font = New System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 8.25!, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, CType(0, Byte))
        Me.Label6.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Teal
        Me.Label6.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(43, 144)
        Me.Label6.Name = "Label6"
        Me.Label6.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(49, 16)
        Me.Label6.TabIndex = 5
        Me.Label6.Text = "Minutos:"
        '
        'Label7
        '
        Me.Label7.AutoSize = True
        Me.Label7.Font = New System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 8.25!, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, CType(0, Byte))
        Me.Label7.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Teal
        Me.Label7.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(32, 168)
        Me.Label7.Name = "Label7"
        Me.Label7.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(60, 16)
        Me.Label7.TabIndex = 6
        Me.Label7.Text = "Segundos:"
        '
        'TxtDTInicio
        '
        Me.TxtDTInicio.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(16, 64)
        Me.TxtDTInicio.Name = "TxtDTInicio"
        Me.TxtDTInicio.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(144, 20)
        Me.TxtDTInicio.TabIndex = 1
        Me.TxtDTInicio.Text = "08/07/2004 08:00:00 a.m."
        '
        'TxtDtFinal
        '
        Me.TxtDtFinal.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(176, 64)
        Me.TxtDtFinal.Name = "TxtDtFinal"
        Me.TxtDtFinal.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(144, 20)
        Me.TxtDtFinal.TabIndex = 2
        Me.TxtDtFinal.Text = ""
        '
        'CmdIntervalo
        '
        Me.CmdIntervalo.ForeColor = System.Drawing.Color.Navy
        Me.CmdIntervalo.Image = CType(resources.GetObject("CmdIntervalo.Image"), System.Drawing.Image)
        Me.CmdIntervalo.ImageAlign = System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.TopCenter
        Me.CmdIntervalo.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(208, 112)
        Me.CmdIntervalo.Name = "CmdIntervalo"
        Me.CmdIntervalo.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(72, 56)
        Me.CmdIntervalo.TabIndex = 0
        Me.CmdIntervalo.Text = "&Hallar Intervalo"
        Me.CmdIntervalo.TextAlign = System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.BottomCenter
        '
        'TxtDia
        '
        Me.TxtDia.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(96, 96)
        Me.TxtDia.Name = "TxtDia"
        Me.TxtDia.ReadOnly = True
        Me.TxtDia.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(60, 20)
        Me.TxtDia.TabIndex = 9
        Me.TxtDia.Text = ""
        Me.TxtDia.TextAlign = System.Windows.Forms.HorizontalAlignment.Right
        '
        'TxtHra
        '
        Me.TxtHra.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(96, 120)
        Me.TxtHra.Name = "TxtHra"
        Me.TxtHra.ReadOnly = True
        Me.TxtHra.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(60, 20)
        Me.TxtHra.TabIndex = 10
        Me.TxtHra.Text = ""
        Me.TxtHra.TextAlign = System.Windows.Forms.HorizontalAlignment.Right
        '
        'TxtMin
        '
        Me.TxtMin.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(96, 144)
        Me.TxtMin.Name = "TxtMin"
        Me.TxtMin.ReadOnly = True
        Me.TxtMin.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(60, 20)
        Me.TxtMin.TabIndex = 11
        Me.TxtMin.Text = ""
        Me.TxtMin.TextAlign = System.Windows.Forms.HorizontalAlignment.Right
        '
        'TxtSeg
        '
        Me.TxtSeg.Location = New System.Drawing.Point(96, 168)
        Me.TxtSeg.Name = "TxtSeg"
        Me.TxtSeg.ReadOnly = True
        Me.TxtSeg.Size = New System.Drawing.Size(60, 20)
        Me.TxtSeg.TabIndex = 12
        Me.TxtSeg.Text = ""
        Me.TxtSeg.TextAlign = System.Windows.Forms.HorizontalAlignment.Right
        '
        'TimerTitulo
        '
        Me.TimerTitulo.Enabled = True
        Me.TimerTitulo.Interval = 300
        '
        'TimerOpacity
        '
        '
        'TimerOpacity2
        '
        Me.TimerOpacity2.Enabled = True
        '
        'FrmInterDateTime
        '
        Me.AutoScaleBaseSize = New System.Drawing.Size(5, 13)
        Me.ClientSize = New System.Drawing.Size(336, 200)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.TxtSeg)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.TxtMin)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.TxtHra)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.TxtDia)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.CmdIntervalo)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.TxtDtFinal)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.TxtDTInicio)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.Label7)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.Label6)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.Label5)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.Label4)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.Label3)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.Label2)
        Me.Controls.Add(Me.Label1)
        Me.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.FixedDialog
        Me.Icon = CType(resources.GetObject("$this.Icon"), System.Drawing.Icon)
        Me.MaximizeBox = False
        Me.Name = "FrmInterDateTime"
        Me.Opacity = 0
        Me.StartPosition = System.Windows.Forms.FormStartPosition.CenterScreen
        Me.Text = "Intervalo de Tiempo - alextaya@hotmail.com                          "
        Me.ResumeLayout(False)

    End Sub

#End Region

    Private Sub FrmInterDateTime_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        TxtDtFinal.Text = Now
    End Sub

    Private Sub VerInterDateTime(ByVal TSpan As TimeSpan)
        TxtDia.Text = TSpan.Days.ToString
        TxtHra.Text = TSpan.Hours.ToString
        TxtMin.Text = TSpan.Minutes.ToString
        TxtSeg.Text = TSpan.Seconds.ToString
    End Sub

    Private Sub TimerTitulo_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles TimerTitulo.Tick
        Me.Text = Microsoft.VisualBasic.Right(Me.Text, (Len(Me.Text) - 1)) + Microsoft.VisualBasic.Left(Me.Text, 1)
    End Sub

    Private Sub TimerOpacity_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles TimerOpacity.Tick
        Me.Opacity -= 0.05
        If Me.Opacity = 0 Then
            flagestado = True
            Me.Close()
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub FrmInterDateTime_Closing(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs) Handles MyBase.Closing
        If flagestado = False Then
            e.Cancel = True
            Me.TimerOpacity.Enabled = True
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub TimerOpacity2_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles TimerOpacity2.Tick
        Me.Opacity += 0.05
        If Me.Opacity = 1 Then
            Me.TimerOpacity2.Enabled = False
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub CmdIntervalo_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles CmdIntervalo.Click
        Dim TSpan As TimeSpan
        Dim DTInicio As DateTime
        Dim DtFinal As DateTime

        DTInicio = DateTime.Parse(TxtDTInicio.Text)
        DtFinal = DateTime.Parse(TxtDtFinal.Text)

        TSpan = DtFinal.Subtract(DTInicio).Duration
        VerInterDateTime(TSpan)
    End Sub
End Class

Ahora simplemente nos queda ejecutar la solución para ver que todo este bien, espero que funcione
sin ningún problema jeje ;).
Espero poder publicar un artículo similar pero utilizando C# en los próximos días.
Me despido esperando haber contribuido con un granito de arena en este fascinante mundo .Net. Nos vemos líneas de código más adelante.

a la/s

1 comentario:

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